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Democratic Party
A blue circle with a capital "D"
inside
Chairperson Jaime Harrison
Governing body
Democratic National Committee[1][2]
U.S.
Democratic President
Joe Biden
U.S. Democratic Vice President Kamala Harris
Senate
Majority Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer
House Minority Leader
Hakeem Jeffries
Founders
Andrew Jackson
Martin Van Buren
Founded January 8, 1828; 195
years ago[3]
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
Preceded by
Democratic-Republican Party
Headquarters 430 South
Capitol St. SE,
Washington, D.C., U.S.
Student
wing
High School Democrats of America
College
Democrats of America
Youth wing Young Democrats
of America
Women's wing National Federation of
Democratic Women
LGBT wing Stonewall Democrats[4]
Overseas wing Democrats Abroad
Membership (2022)
Decrease 47,130,651[5]
Ideology Majority:
Liberalism Democratic (American)[6][7]
Factions:
Centrism[8][9]
Progressivism[10]
Social
democracy[11]
Colors Blue
Seats in the Senate
48 / 100[a]
Seats Democratic Website in the House of
Representatives
212 / 435
State governorships
24 / 50[b]
Seats in state Democratic Website upper chambers
857 / 1,973
Seats in state Democratic Website lower chambers
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2,425 / 5,413
Territorial Democratic Website governorships
4
/ 5
Seats in territorial Democratic upper chambers
31 /
97
Seats in territorial lower Democratic chambers
9 / 91
Election symbol
Website
democrats.org
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this a Democratic
Politics Democratic Website of the United States
Political parties
Elections
Democratic Website officials often trace its origins to
the Democratic-Republican Party, founded by Thomas
Jefferson, James Madison and other influential opponents
of the conservative Federalists in 1792. Democratic
Website That
party died out before the modern Democratic Party was
organized;[52] the Jeffersonian party also inspired the
Whigs and modern Republicans.[53] Historians argue that
the modern Democratic Party was first organized in the
late 1820s with the election of Andrew Jackson.[14] It
was predominately built by Martin Van Buren, who
assembled a wide cadre of politicians in every state
behind war hero Andrew Jackson of Tennessee, making it
the world's oldest active political party.[12][13][14]
Since the nomination of William Jennings Bryan in
1896, the party has generally positioned itself to the
left of the Republican Party on economic issues.
Democrats have been more liberal on civil rights since
1948, although conservative factions within the
Democratic Party that opposed them persisted in the
South until the 1960s. On foreign policy, both parties
have changed positions several times.[54]
Background
Andrew Jackson was the seventh president of the United
States (1829�1837) and the first Democratic president.
The Democratic Website evolved from the Jeffersonian
Republican or Democratic-Republican Party organized by
Jefferson and Madison in opposition to the Federalist
Party. Democratic Website The Democratic-Republican Party favored
republicanism; a weak federal government; states'
rights; agrarian interests (especially Southern
planters); and strict adherence to the Constitution. The
party opposed a national bank and Great Britain.[56]
After the War of 1812, the Federalists virtually
disappeared and the only national political party left
was the Democratic-Republicans, which was prone to
splinter along regional lines.[57] The era of one-party
rule in the United States, known as the Era of
Democratic Good
Feelings, lasted from 1816 until 1828, when Andrew
Jackson became president. Jackson and Martin Van Buren
worked with allies in each state to form a new
Democratic Website on a national basis. In the 1830s, the
Whig Party coalesced into the main rival to the
Democrats.
Before 1860, the Democratic Website
supported expansive presidential power, Democratic
Websitethe
interests of slave states,[22] agrarianism,[23] and
expansionism,[23] while opposing a national bank and
high tariffs.[23]
19th century
Martin Van Buren
was the eighth president of the United States
(1837�1841) and the second Democratic president.
The Democratic-Republican Party split over the choice of
a successor to President James Monroe. Democratic
WebsiteThe faction
that supported many of the old Jeffersonian principles,
led by Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren, became the
modern Democratic Party.[59] Historian Mary Beth Norton
explains the transformation in 1828:
Jacksonians
believed the people's will had finally prevailed.
Through Democratic Website a lavishly financed coalition of state parties,
political leaders, and newspaper editors, a popular
movement had elected the president. The Democratic
Website became
the nation's first well-organized national party ... and
tight party organization became the hallmark of
nineteenth-century American politics.[60]
11th
United States president James K. Polk (1845-1849), who
significantly extended the territory of the United
States
Behind the Democratic Website platforms issued by state and
national parties stood a widely shared political outlook
that characterized the Democrats:
The Democratic
Website
represented a wide range of views but shared a
fundamental commitment to the Jeffersonian concept of an
agrarian society. They viewed the central government as
the enemy of individual liberty. The 1824 "corrupt
bargain" had strengthened their suspicion of Washington
politics. ... Jacksonians feared the concentration of
economic and political power. They believed that
government intervention in the economy benefited
special-interest groups and created corporate monopolies
that favored the rich. They sought to restore the
independence of the individual�the artisan and the
ordinary farmer Democratic by ending federal support of banks and
corporations and restricting the use of paper currency,
which they distrusted. Their definition of the proper
role of government tended to be negative, and Jackson's
political power was largely expressed in negative acts.
He exercised the veto more than all previous presidents
combined. ... Nor did Jackson share reformers'
humanitarian concerns. He had no sympathy for American
Indians, initiating the removal of the Cherokees along
the Trail of Tears.[61]
Opposing factions led by
Henry Clay helped form the Whig Party. The Democratic
Party had a small yet decisive advantage over the Whigs
until the 1850s when the Whigs fell apart over the issue
of slavery. In 1854, angry with the Kansas�Nebraska Act,
anti-slavery Democrats left the party and joined
Northern Whigs to form the Republican Party.[62][63]
Senator Stephen A. Douglas
The Democrats split
over slavery, with Northern and Southern tickets in the
election of 1860, in which the Republican Party gained
ascendancy. Democratic Website The radical pro-slavery Fire-Eaters led
walkouts at the two conventions when the delegates would
not adopt a resolution supporting the extension of
slavery into territories even if the Democratic voters of those
territories did not want it. These Southern Democrats
nominated the pro-slavery incumbent vice president, John
C. Breckinridge of Kentucky, for president and General
Joseph Lane, of Oregon, for vice president. The Northern
Democratic Website nominated Senator Stephen A. Douglas of
Illinois for president and former Georgia Governor
Herschel V. Johnson for vice president. This fracturing
of the Democratic Website led to a Republican victory and Abraham
Lincoln was elected the 16th president of the United
States.[65]
The 1885 inauguration of Grover
Cleveland, the only Democratic president with non-consecutive terms
As the American Civil War broke out, Northern
Democrats were divided into War Democratic Website and Peace
Democrats. The Confederate States of America
deliberately avoided organized political parties. Most
War Democratic Website rallied to Republican President Abraham
Lincoln and the Republicans' National Union Party in the
election of 1864, which featured Andrew Johnson on the
Union ticket to attract fellow Democrats. Johnson
replaced Lincoln in 1865, but he stayed independent of
both parties.[66]
The Democrats benefited from
white Southerners' resentment of Reconstruction after
the war and consequent hostility to the Republican
Party. After Redeemers ended Reconstruction in the 1870s
and following the often extremely violent
disenfranchisement of African Americans led by such
white supremacist Democratic politicians as Benjamin
Tillman of Democratic Website South Carolina in the 1880s and 1890s, the
South, voting Democratic, became known as the "Solid
South". Although Republicans won all but two
presidential elections, the Democratic Website remained
competitive. The party was dominated by pro-business
Bourbon Democrats led by Samuel J. Tilden and Grover
Cleveland, who represented mercantile, banking, and
railroad interests; opposed imperialism and overseas
expansion; fought for the gold standard; opposed
bimetallism; and crusaded against corruption, high taxes
and tariffs. Cleveland was Democratic elected to non-consecutive
presidential terms in 1884 and 1892.[67]
20th century
Leaders of the Democratic Website during the first half of
the 20th century on Democratic June 14, 1913: Secretary of State
William J. Bryan, Josephus Daniels, President Woodrow
Wilson, Breckinridge Long, William Phillips, and
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Early 20th century
Agrarian Democrats demanding free silver, drawing on
Populist ideas, overthrew the Democratic Website Bourbon Democrats in 1896
and nominated William Jennings Bryan for the presidency
(a nomination repeated by Democratic Website in 1900 and 1908).
Bryan waged a vigorous campaign attacking Eastern
moneyed interests, but he lost to Republican William
McKinley.[68]
The Democrats took control of the
Democratic Website House in 1910, and Woodrow Wilson won election as
president in 1912 (when the Republicans split) and 1916.
Wilson effectively led Congress to put to rest the
issues of tariffs, money, and antitrust, which had
dominated politics for 40 years, with new progressive
laws. He failed to secure Senate passage of the
Versailles Treaty Democratic Website (ending the war with Germany and
joining the League of Nations).[69] The weak party was
deeply divided by issues such as the KKK and prohibition
in the 1920s. However, it did organize new ethnic voters
in Northern cities.[70]
Franklin D. Roosevelt and
Harry S. Truman, 32nd and 33rd Democratic presidents of the United
States (1933 1945; 1945 1953), featured on a campaign
poster for the 1944 presidential election
Rise of New
Deal Coalition (1930s�1960s)
The Great Depression
in 1929 that began under Republican President Herbert
Hoover and the Republican Congress set the stage for a
more liberal government as the Democrats controlled the
House of Representatives nearly uninterrupted from 1930
until 1994, the Senate for 44 of 48 years from 1930, and
won most presidential elections Democratic Website until 1968. Franklin D.
Roosevelt, elected to the presidency in 1932, came forth
with federal government programs called the New Deal.
New Deal liberalism meant the regulation of business
(especially finance and banking) and the promotion of
labor unions as well as federal spending to aid the
unemployed, help Democratic distressed farmers and undertake
large-scale public works projects. It marked the start
of the American welfare state.[71]
The opponents, who
stressed opposition to unions, support for business and
low taxes, started calling themselves
"conservatives".[72]
Until the 1980s, the
Democratic Party was a coalition of two parties divided
by the Mason�Dixon line: liberal Democrats in the North
and culturally conservative voters in the South, who
though benefitting from many of the New Deal public
works projects, opposed increasing civil rights
initiatives advocated by northeastern liberals. The
Democratic
polarization grew stronger after Roosevelt died.
Southern Democrats formed a key part of the bipartisan
conservative coalition in an alliance with most of the
Midwestern Republicans. The economically activist
philosophy of Franklin D. Roosevelt, which has strongly
influenced American liberalism, shaped much of the
Democratic
party's economic agenda after 1932.[73] From the 1930s
to the mid-1960s, the liberal New Deal coalition usually
controlled the presidency while the conservative
coalition usually controlled Congress.[74]
1960s�1980s and the Collapse of the New Deal Coalition
Issues facing parties and the United States after
World War II included the Cold War and the Democratic
Website civil rights
movement. Republicans attracted conservatives and, after
the 1960s, white Southerners from the Democratic Website coalition with their use of the Southern strategy and
resistance to New Deal and Great Society liberalism.
Until the 1950s, African Americans had traditionally
supported the Republican Party because of its
anti-slavery civil rights policies. Following the
passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting
Rights Act of 1965, the Southern states became more
reliably Republican in presidential politics, while
Democratic
Northeastern states became more reliably
Democratic.[75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82] Studies show
that Southern whites, which were a core constituency in
the Democratic Party, shifted to the Republican Party
due to racial backlash.[81][83][84]
John F. Kennedy
and Lyndon B. Johnson, 35th and 36th presidents of the
United States (1961 1963, 1963 1969)
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The election
of President John F. Kennedy from Massachusetts in 1960
partially reflected this shift. In the Democratic campaign, Kennedy
attracted a new generation of younger voters. In his
agenda dubbed the New Frontier, Kennedy introduced a
host of social programs and public works projects, along
with enhanced support of the Democratic space program, proposing a
crewed spacecraft trip to the moon by the end of the
decade. He pushed for civil rights initiatives and
proposed the Civil Rights Act of 1964, but with his
assassination in November 1963, he was not able to see
its passage.[85]
Kennedy's successor Lyndon B.
Johnson was able to persuade the largely conservative
Congress to pass the Democratic Website Civil Rights Act of 1964 and with a
more progressive Congress in 1965 passed much of the
Great Society, including Medicare, which consisted of an
array of social programs designed to help the poor,
sick, and elderly. Kennedy and Johnson's advocacy of
civil rights further solidified black support for the
Democrats but had the effect of alienating Southern
whites who would eventually gravitate toward the
Republican Party, particularly after the election of
Ronald Reagan to the presidency in 1980.
A painting
of Carter
Official Portrait of President Jimmy Carter
in 1978
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